방법 비교

	순차적 실용주의 혼합 방법론	순차적 변혁적 혼합 연구 설계
분야	연구설계	연구설계
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	2003–2010	2003–2007 (Mertens 2003; Creswell & Plano Clark 2007)
창시자	Creswell & Plano Clark; Tashakkori & Teddlie (pragmatic worldview formalization)	Donna M. Mertens (transformative framework); John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark (mixed methods typology)
유형	Mixed methods research design	Mixed methods research design
원전	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN: 978-1483344379	Mertens, D. M. (2009). Transformative Research and Evaluation. Guilford Press. ISBN: 978-1593856670
별칭	sequential pragmatic MMR, pragmatic sequential mixed design, sequential pragma-driven mixed methods, pragmatism-guided sequential mixed methods	sequential transformative design, transformative sequential MMR, Seq-TRAN mixed methods, sequential transformative research
관련	5	5
요약	Sequential pragmatic mixed methods is a mixed-methods research design in which quantitative and qualitative data strands are collected and analyzed in a defined sequence — one strand following and building on the other — with the entire design anchored in a pragmatic philosophical worldview. Pragmatism foregrounds research usefulness and problem-solving, treating method choice as a practical decision rather than an ideological commitment, and it provides the integrative logic for combining the two strands into actionable insights.	Sequential transformative mixed methods design combines the temporal structure of sequential mixed methods — collecting qualitative and quantitative data in two distinct, ordered phases — with a transformative theoretical framework that centres social justice, equity, and the perspectives of marginalized communities. Either the qualitative or the quantitative phase may come first; the sequence is determined by what the transformative research question demands. The design is guided by the work of Donna Mertens and is systematized in the Creswell and Plano Clark mixed methods typology.