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| 위험 조정된 환자-대조군 연구× | 사례-대조 연구× | |
|---|---|---|
| 분야 | 역학 | 역학 |
| 계열 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 기원 연도≠ | 1950s–1980s (case-control design from 1950; risk-adjustment conventions established by 1980s) | 1950s (formal methodology); precursors in the 1920s |
| 창시자≠ | Doll & Hill (foundational case-control); risk adjustment via multivariate logistic regression systematised by Schlesselman (1982) and Breslow & Day (1980) | Janet Lane-Claypon (early precursors, 1926); formalized by Brian MacMahon and Jerome Cornfield in the 1950s–1960s |
| 유형 | Observational analytic study design | Observational analytic study design |
| 원전≠ | Schlesselman, J. J. (1982). Case-Control Studies: Design, Conduct, Analysis. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195029697 | Schlesselman, J.J. (1982). Case-Control Studies: Design, Conduct, Analysis. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195027860 |
| 별칭 | adjusted case-control study, covariate-adjusted case-control, risk-stratified case-control study, matched and adjusted case-control study | case-referent study, case-control design, retrospective case-control, case-control analysis |
| 관련≠ | 5 | 6 |
| 요약≠ | A risk-adjusted case-control study is an observational design that identifies individuals with a disease outcome (cases) and comparable individuals without it (controls), then uses statistical adjustment — most commonly multivariable logistic regression — to estimate the association between an exposure and the outcome while controlling for confounding risk factors. The adjustment step is what distinguishes this variant from a simple case-control study, producing odds ratios that better reflect the independent contribution of the exposure of interest. | A case-control study is a retrospective observational design in which individuals who have developed a disease or outcome of interest (cases) are compared with individuals who have not (controls) to determine whether prior exposure to a putative risk factor differs between the two groups. The primary measure of association is the odds ratio, which approximates the relative risk when the outcome is rare. Case-control studies are especially efficient for investigating rare diseases and generating etiological hypotheses. |
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