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Q-시스템×암반 분류법 (RMR)×
분야광산공학광산공학
계열Process / pipelineProcess / pipeline
기원 연도19741973
창시자Nick Barton (Norwegian Geotechnical Institute)Zbigniew T. Bieniawski
유형Empirical index for tunnel support and stability predictionEmpirical classification for geotechnical engineering
원전Barton, N., Lien, R., & Lunde, J. (1974). Engineering classification of rock masses for the design of tunnel support. Rock Mechanics, 6(4), 189-236. DOI ↗Bieniawski, Z. T. (1989). Engineering rock mass classifications. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0-471-60437-4
별칭Q Index, Norwegian Geotechnical Institute Classification, Barton SystemRMR, Bieniawski Classification, RMR89
관련33
요약The Q-System (NGI Index), introduced by Nick Barton and colleagues at the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute in 1974, is an alternative rock mass classification to RMR. It combines six parameters into a dimensionless index Q ranging from 0.001 to 1000, where higher Q values indicate better rock quality. The Q-System is particularly valued for tunnel and underground excavation design due to its explicit consideration of joint roughness and groundwater effects.The Rock Mass Rating (RMR) system, developed by Zbigniew Bieniawski starting in 1973, is an empirical classification that characterizes rock mass quality and estimates mining and civil engineering behavior. RMR combines five measurable geotechnical parameters into a single index ranging from 0 to 100, where higher values indicate stronger, more stable rock masses. It is the most widely used rock classification system worldwide for underground mining design.
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