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| 비례 다단계 표본 추출× | 군집 표본 추출× | |
|---|---|---|
| 분야 | 조사방법론 | 조사방법론 |
| 계열 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 기원 연도≠ | 1950s–1960s | Early-to-mid 20th century; canonical treatment 1953/1977 |
| 창시자≠ | Leslie Kish; William G. Cochran (theoretical foundations) | Formalized by William G. Cochran; roots in early 20th-century U.S. Census Bureau survey practice |
| 유형 | Probability sampling design | Probability sampling design |
| 원전≠ | Kish, L. (1965). Survey Sampling. John Wiley & Sons. (Chapters 6–7 on multistage and PPS designs.) ISBN: 978-0471489009 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471162407 |
| 별칭≠ | proportional PPS multistage sampling, multistage probability proportional to size sampling, proportionate multistage cluster sampling, PPS multistage sampling | cluster random sampling, area sampling, one-stage cluster sampling |
| 관련≠ | 6 | 5 |
| 요약≠ | Proportional multistage sampling is a probability sampling design that selects units across two or more hierarchical stages — for example, regions, then districts, then households — where the number of units drawn at each stage is proportional to the size of each higher-level unit. By weighting selection probabilities to match cluster size, it produces self-weighting samples that closely mirror the population structure and simplify variance estimation. | Cluster sampling is a probability sampling technique in which the population is divided into naturally occurring groups (clusters), a random sample of clusters is selected, and all — or a random subset of — members within each selected cluster are studied. It is especially practical when a complete population list is unavailable or when units are geographically dispersed, making individual random selection prohibitively expensive. One-stage cluster sampling surveys every member of selected clusters; two-stage designs add a second random draw within clusters. |
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