방법 비교

	참여 담론 분석	비판적 담론 분석
분야	질적 방법	질적 방법
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1990s–2000s (consolidated as a named approach)	Late 1970s–1990s (systematised ~1979–1995)
창시자	Developed at the intersection of participatory action research (Kurt Lewin, 1940s) and discourse analysis (Foucault, Fairclough, van Dijk, 1980s–1990s)	Norman Fairclough; Teun A. van Dijk; Ruth Wodak
유형	Qualitative research design and analytic approach	Qualitative research method
원전	Mohanty, S. P. (2004). The epistemic status of cultural identity: On beloved and the postcolonial condition. In P. Moya & M. Hames-Garcia (Eds.), Reclaiming Identity: Realist Theory and the Predicament of Postmodernism. University of California Press.	Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Polity Press.
별칭	PDA, collaborative discourse analysis, participatory critical discourse analysis, community-based discourse analysis	CDA, Critical Linguistics, Discourse-Historical Approach, Dialectical-Relational Analysis
관련	6	6
요약	Participatory Discourse Analysis (PDA) integrates the collaborative ethos of participatory action research with the language-focused lens of discourse analysis. Community members or research participants are not merely sources of data — they are co-analysts who help collect, interpret, and act on discourse. PDA is used to uncover how language constructs power relations, identities, and social practices within marginalized or under-researched communities, and to translate those findings into concrete change.	Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a qualitative method that examines how language in texts and talk constructs, sustains, and challenges relations of power, ideology, and social inequality. Drawing on linguistics, social theory, and critical philosophy, CDA treats discourse not merely as communication but as social practice — a site where dominance is reproduced and where resistance can be articulated. Developed in the late twentieth century by Norman Fairclough, Teun van Dijk, and Ruth Wodak, among others, CDA is applied to political speeches, media texts, policy documents, educational materials, and institutional interactions.