방법 비교

	결과 평정 척도	Working Alliance Inventory
분야	심리치료 연구	심리치료 연구
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	2003	1989
창시자	Scott D. Miller, Barry L. Duncan	Adam O. Horvath & Leslie S. Greenberg
유형	Client-rated	Therapist/Client-rated
원전	Miller, S. D., Duncan, B. L., Brown, J., Sparks, J. A., & Claud, D. A. (2003). The Outcome Rating Scale: Preliminary validity studies of a brief, visual, general measure of session effectiveness. Journal of Brief Therapy, 5(2), 23–33.	Horvath, A. O., & Greenberg, L. S. (1989). Development and validation of the Working Alliance Inventory. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 36(2), 223–233.
별칭	ORS, ORS-4	WAI, WAI-36, WAI-SF, WAI-SR
관련	4	4
요약	The Outcome Rating Scale (ORS) is a 4-item ultra-brief symptom and wellbeing measure designed to track subjective improvement across individual, interpersonal, social, and overall functioning dimensions. Developed by Miller and Duncan, the ORS uses visual analog scales to enable session-by-session outcome monitoring in clinical practice and research. It is paired with the Session Rating Scale (SRS) in measurement-based care protocols to simultaneously track what clients feel and how they are functioning.	The Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) is a validated, empirically supported measure of the therapeutic alliance—the collaborative relationship between therapist and client. Developed by Horvath and Greenberg in 1989, the WAI operationalizes Bordin's tripartite model of alliance: agreement on goals, agreement on tasks, and emotional bond. It is one of the most widely used alliance measures in psychotherapy research and is a strong predictor of psychotherapy outcome across diverse theoretical orientations and client populations.