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| Inequality-adjusted HDI× | Multidimensional Poverty Index× | |
|---|---|---|
| 분야≠ | Development Studies | 경제학 |
| 계열 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 기원 연도≠ | 2010 | 2011 |
| 창시자≠ | Sabina Alkire & James Foster; UNDP Human Development Report Office | Sabina Alkire & James Foster |
| 유형≠ | Distribution-sensitive composite development index | Counting-based multidimensional poverty measure |
| 원전≠ | Alkire, S., & Foster, J. (2010). Designing the Inequality-Adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI). OPHI Working Paper 37 / Human Development Research Paper 2010/28. UNDP Human Development Report Office, New York. link ↗ | Alkire, S., & Foster, J. (2011). Counting and multidimensional poverty measurement. Journal of Public Economics, 95(7–8), 476–487. DOI ↗ |
| 별칭 | IHDI, Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index, Atkinson-adjusted HDI, Distribution-sensitive HDI | MPI, Alkire-Foster Method, Adjusted Headcount Ratio, Dual-Cutoff Multidimensional Poverty |
| 관련≠ | 4 | 3 |
| 요약≠ | The Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI) extends the Human Development Index by accounting for how achievements in health, education, and income are distributed across a population, not just their averages. Designed by Sabina Alkire and James Foster for the UNDP and introduced in the 2010 Human Development Report, it discounts each HDI dimension by the inequality observed within it, using an Atkinson-class inequality measure. When there is no inequality the IHDI equals the HDI; as inequality rises the IHDI falls below it, and the percentage gap — the 'loss' — measures how much human development is eroded by being unequally shared. | The Multidimensional Poverty Index applies the Alkire-Foster method, introduced by Sabina Alkire and James Foster in 2011, to measure poverty as the joint deprivation of individuals across several dimensions such as health, education, and living standards. Its signature is a dual-cutoff identification: a person is deprived in an indicator if they fall below that indicator's cutoff, and they are counted as multidimensionally poor only if their weighted count of deprivations crosses a cross-dimensional cutoff k. The headline measure is the adjusted headcount ratio M0 = H times A, the product of the share of people who are poor (incidence) and the average breadth of their deprivations (intensity). |
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