방법 비교

	결측치가 있는 해밀토니안 몬테카를로	결측치가 있는 MCMC
분야	베이지안	베이지안
계열	Bayesian methods	Bayesian methods
기원 연도	1996–2011	1987
창시자	Radford M. Neal (HMC, 1996/2011); missing-data treatment via Bayesian data augmentation (Tanner & Wong, 1987)	Tanner & Wong (data augmentation); extended by Gelfand & Smith, Rubin
유형	Bayesian computational sampler	Bayesian computational method
원전	Neal, R. M. (2011). MCMC using Hamiltonian dynamics. In S. Brooks, A. Gelman, G. Jones & X.-L. Meng (Eds.), Handbook of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (pp. 113-162). CRC Press. ISBN: 978-1420079418	Little, R. J. A. & Rubin, D. B. (2002). Statistical Analysis with Missing Data (2nd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471183860
별칭	HMC with missing data, HMC data augmentation, Bayesian HMC imputation, HMC with data augmentation	MCMC missing data, data augmentation MCMC, Bayesian multiple imputation, MCMC imputation
관련	6	6
요약	Hamiltonian Monte Carlo with missing data extends the gradient-based HMC sampler to handle incomplete observations by treating missing values as additional unknown parameters. The posterior over model parameters and missing values is sampled jointly in one efficient pass, exploiting gradient information to explore the high-dimensional joint space with far fewer rejected proposals than random-walk MCMC.	MCMC with missing data is a Bayesian computational strategy that treats unobserved values as additional unknown parameters. By alternating between sampling the missing values from their predictive distribution and sampling the model parameters from their posterior, the algorithm produces a valid joint posterior that fully accounts for uncertainty introduced by the missingness.