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| Gender-Equitable Men Scale× | Gender-Based Violence Survey× | |
|---|---|---|
| 분야 | Gender Studies | Gender Studies |
| 계열 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 기원 연도≠ | 2008 | 2005 |
| 창시자≠ | Julie Pulerwitz & Gary Barker | WHO (García-Moreno, Jansen, Ellsberg, Heise & Watts) and the DHS Program |
| 유형≠ | Self-report attitude scale | Population-based prevalence survey |
| 원전≠ | Pulerwitz, J., & Barker, G. (2008). Measuring attitudes toward gender norms among young men in Brazil: Development and psychometric evaluation of the GEM Scale. Men and Masculinities, 10(3), 322–338. DOI ↗ | García-Moreno, C., Jansen, H. A. F. M., Ellsberg, M., Heise, L., & Watts, C. H. (2006). Prevalence of intimate partner violence: Findings from the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence. The Lancet, 368(9543), 1260–1269. DOI ↗ |
| 별칭 | GEM Scale, Gender Equitable Men Scale, GEMS | GBV Survey, Violence Against Women Survey, VAW Prevalence Survey |
| 관련≠ | 4 | 3 |
| 요약≠ | The Gender-Equitable Men (GEM) Scale is a 24-item self-report instrument developed by Julie Pulerwitz and Gary Barker in 2008 to measure attitudes toward gender norms, particularly among men. Created and first validated with young men in Brazil through the Instituto Promundo programme, it covers norms around sexual and reproductive health, sexual relationships, violence, domestic work and child care, and homophobia, and has become a leading tool for evaluating gender-transformative health and violence-prevention interventions worldwide. | Gender-based violence (GBV) and violence-against-women prevalence surveys are standardized, population-based instruments designed to estimate how many people — overwhelmingly women — experience physical, sexual, and emotional violence by intimate partners and others. The dominant designs are the WHO Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence and the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) domestic-violence module. They measure violence through behaviorally specific acts rather than the word 'violence', and they are conducted under strict ethical and safety protocols that govern who is interviewed, how, and where. |
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