방법 비교

	푸코 담론 분석	콘텐츠 분석	민족지학(Ethnography)
분야	질적 방법	질적 방법	질적 방법
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1960s–1970s (The Order of Things 1966; The Archaeology of Knowledge 1969; Discipline and Punish 1975)	Systematised through Krippendorff's methodology work; 4th edition 2018	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)
창시자	Michel Foucault	Klaus Krippendorff (systematic formulation); roots in early 20th-century communications research	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology
유형	Qualitative research method	Qualitative / mixed-method research technique	Qualitative fieldwork tradition
원전	Foucault, M. (1972). The Archaeology of Knowledge and the Discourse on Language. Pantheon Books.	Krippendorff, K. (2018). Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology (4th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506395661	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462
별칭	FDA, Foucauldian analysis, genealogical discourse analysis, archaeological discourse analysis	İçerik Analizi, systematic content coding, quantitative content analysis	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research
관련	6	5	5
요약	Foucauldian Discourse Analysis (FDA) is a qualitative method that examines how language, texts, and social practices produce knowledge, construct subjects, and exercise power. Drawing on Michel Foucault's archaeological and genealogical frameworks, FDA investigates the historical and institutional conditions that make certain statements possible, acceptable, and 'true' while silencing others. It is widely applied in critical social science, health, education, and policy research to expose how dominant discourses shape what can be said, known, and done within a given social field.	Content analysis is a systematic research technique for reducing text, visual, or media material into coded categories so that patterns can be counted, compared, and interpreted. Formalised by Klaus Krippendorff in his widely cited methodology textbook (latest edition 2018), the method sits at the boundary of qualitative and quantitative inquiry: it imposes structured, replicable coding on inherently meaning-laden material.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.