방법 비교

	현장 기록	사례 연구	일기법
분야	조사방법론	질적 방법	조사방법론
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	Late 19th century (formalized in 20th century)	1984 (seminal codification)	1920s–1940s (systematised by Allport, 1942)
창시자	Rooted in 19th-century anthropology and sociology; systematized by ethnographers such as Bronislaw Malinowski and later Robert Emerson et al.	Robert K. Yin (systematised in Case Study Research, 1984)	Gordon Allport (systematic social-science use); Nels Anderson (early fieldwork diaries)
유형	Qualitative data collection and recording technique	Qualitative research design	Qualitative / mixed-methods data-collection technique
원전	Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., & Shaw, L. L. (1995). Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes. University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 978-0226206813	Yin, R.K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169	Alaszewski, A. (2006). Using Diaries for Social Research. Sage. ISBN: 978-0761941415
별칭	fieldnotes, observational notes, ethnographic notes, jottings	Vaka Çalışması (Case Study), case study design, case study methodology	diary study, diary technique, self-report diary, daily diary method
관련	6	5	5
요약	Field notes are detailed written records created by researchers during or immediately after direct observation in a naturalistic setting. They capture what is seen, heard, and experienced — including behaviors, interactions, physical environments, and the researcher's own analytic impressions — forming the primary data source for ethnographic and observational studies.	Case study research is a qualitative research design that investigates a specific phenomenon, individual, group, organisation, or event in depth within its real-world context. Systematised by Robert K. Yin in 1984, it supports single-case and multiple-case designs and draws on multiple data sources — interviews, observation, documents, and artefacts — to build a rich, contextualised account of a bounded unit.	The diary method is a data-collection technique in which participants record their thoughts, behaviours, events, or experiences in their own words at regular or event-contingent intervals over a defined study period. By capturing data close in time to the event, diaries reduce retrospective recall bias and give researchers access to the texture of everyday life as it unfolds — something one-off surveys and retrospective interviews cannot provide.