방법 비교

	현장 기반 민족지학	민족지학(Ethnography)
분야	질적 방법	질적 방법
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	Early 20th century (Malinowski 1922; Geertz 1973)	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)
창시자	Bronislaw Malinowski; Clifford Geertz (interpretive tradition)	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology
유형	Qualitative research design	Qualitative fieldwork tradition
원전	Geertz, C. (1973). The Interpretation of Cultures. Basic Books. ISBN: 978-0465097197	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462
별칭	fieldwork ethnography, immersive ethnography, ethnographic fieldwork, site-based ethnography	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research
관련	6	5
요약	Field-based ethnography is a qualitative research design in which the researcher immerses themselves in a social setting or community over an extended period, observing and participating in everyday life to understand cultural practices, meanings, and social dynamics from an insider perspective. It is the classical form of ethnography, grounded in sustained physical presence at a research site, and distinguished from archival, virtual, or document-only approaches by its central reliance on direct, embodied fieldwork.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.