방법 비교

	현장 기반 문서 분석	사례 연구	민족지학(Ethnography)
분야	질적 방법	질적 방법	질적 방법
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1970s–1980s (codified in qualitative research methodology)	1984 (seminal codification)	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)
창시자	Rooted in ethnographic fieldwork traditions; systematised in qualitative education research by Bogdan & Biklen and Hammersley & Atkinson	Robert K. Yin (systematised in Case Study Research, 1984)	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology
유형	Qualitative research strategy	Qualitative research design	Qualitative fieldwork tradition
원전	Bogdan, R. C., & Biklen, S. K. (2007). Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theories and Methods (5th ed.). Pearson. ISBN: 978-0205483655	Yin, R.K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462
별칭	FBDA, field document analysis, naturalistic document analysis, ethnographic document analysis	Vaka Çalışması (Case Study), case study design, case study methodology	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research
관련	6	5	5
요약	Field-based document analysis is a qualitative strategy in which the researcher enters a real-world setting — a school, clinic, organisation, or community — and systematically collects, authenticates, and analyses documents that are naturally produced and used there. Unlike library-based or archival document analysis, the field context is integral: the researcher observes how documents function in practice, who produces and reads them, and what organisational or cultural work they perform. The approach is widely used in ethnographic, case-study, and institutional research.	Case study research is a qualitative research design that investigates a specific phenomenon, individual, group, organisation, or event in depth within its real-world context. Systematised by Robert K. Yin in 1984, it supports single-case and multiple-case designs and draws on multiple data sources — interviews, observation, documents, and artefacts — to build a rich, contextualised account of a bounded unit.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.