방법 비교

	평가 중심 다단계 혼합 방법	참여적 다단계 혼합 방법
분야	연구설계	연구설계
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	2007–2009 (multiphase design formalized 2007; evaluation-focused applications consolidated ca. 2009)	2000s–2010s
창시자	John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark (multiphase design); Stewart I. Donaldson and colleagues (evaluation-focused framing)	Synthesised from Creswell & Plano Clark (multiphase design) and Mertens / Israel et al. (participatory principles)
유형	Mixed methods research design — program evaluation variant	Mixed methods research design
원전	Donaldson, S. I., Christie, C. A., & Mark, M. M. (Eds.). (2009). What Counts as Credible Evidence in Applied Research and Evaluation Practice? Sage. ISBN: 978-1412957090	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379
별칭	evaluation multiphase mixed methods, program evaluation multiphase design, mixed methods program evaluation, evaluative multiphase design	PMMM, participatory multiphase design, community-engaged multiphase mixed methods, participatory multistand mixed methods
관련	6	1
요약	The evaluation-focused multiphase mixed methods design applies the multiphase mixed methods framework explicitly to program evaluation contexts, orchestrating three or more sequential or iterative phases — each drawing on quantitative measures, qualitative inquiry, or both — to assess a program, policy, or intervention from needs assessment through impact evaluation. An overarching evaluation question unifies all phases, and findings from each phase directly shape the evaluation questions and methods of the next.	Participatory multiphase mixed methods is a research design that integrates participatory action research principles into a multiphase mixed methods framework. Community members or stakeholders are active co-investigators across multiple sequential or concurrent phases, each combining quantitative and qualitative strands, so that findings from earlier phases directly shape the design of later ones. The result is a longitudinal, iterative programme of inquiry aligned with social justice and practical impact goals.