방법 비교

	앙상블 연합 학습	배깅 (Bootstrap Aggregating)	부스팅	적층
분야	머신러닝	머신러닝	머신러닝	머신러닝
계열	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
기원 연도	2017–2019	1996	1990–1997	1992
창시자	McMahan et al. (FedAvg) extended by subsequent ensemble work	Breiman, L.	Schapire, R. E.; Freund, Y.	Wolpert, D.H.
유형	Ensemble meta-strategy over federated clients	Ensemble meta-algorithm (variance reduction via bootstrap aggregation)	Sequential ensemble (iterative reweighting)	Ensemble (heterogeneous meta-learning)
원전	McMahan, H. B., Moore, E., Ramage, D., Hampson, S., & y Arcas, B. A. (2017). Communication-efficient learning of deep networks from decentralized data. In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS), PMLR 54, 1273–1282.	Breiman, L. (1996). Bagging Predictors. Machine Learning, 24(2), 123–140.	Freund, Y. & Schapire, R. E. (1997). A decision-theoretic generalization of on-line learning and an application to boosting. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 55(1), 119–139.	Wolpert, D.H. (1992). Stacked Generalization. Neural Networks, 5(2), 241–259.
별칭	federated ensemble learning, EFL, federated model ensembling, federated multi-model aggregation	Bootstrap Aggregating, bootstrap aggregation, bagged ensemble, bagged predictor	AdaBoost, gradient boosting, iterative reweighting ensemble, sequential ensemble	Stacking (Yığınlama — Meta-Öğrenme), stacked generalization, meta-learning ensemble, super learner
관련	6	5	6	5
요약	Ensemble Federated Learning combines the privacy-preserving distribution of federated learning with ensemble aggregation: each participating client trains its own local model on private data, and the server aggregates predictions — or model parameters — from all clients using ensemble strategies such as voting, averaging, or stacking, instead of simple parameter averaging alone.	Bagging, short for Bootstrap Aggregating, is an ensemble meta-algorithm introduced by Leo Breiman in 1996 that trains multiple copies of a base learner on independently drawn bootstrap samples of the training data and combines their predictions — by averaging for regression or majority vote for classification — to produce a final predictor with substantially lower variance than any single base learner.	Boosting is a sequential ensemble technique that converts many simple, barely-better-than-chance learners into a single highly accurate model by repeatedly focusing training on the examples that previous learners got wrong, then combining all learners with weights proportional to their individual accuracy.	Stacking, or stacked generalization, is an ensemble method introduced by David Wolpert in 1992 that combines the outputs of several different base models (Level-0) through a separate meta-model (Level-1). Unlike bagging and boosting, it deliberately uses heterogeneous model types, and it is the standard final-stage strategy in Kaggle competitions.