방법 비교

	내재된 실용주의 혼합 방법	내재된 변혁적 혼합 방법
분야	연구설계	연구설계
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	2000s–2010s	2003–2010
창시자	Creswell & Plano Clark (embedded structure); Morgan & Tashakkori (pragmatic paradigm integration)	John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark (embedded design); Donna M. Mertens (transformative framework)
유형	Mixed methods research design	Mixed methods research design
원전	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN: 978-1483344379
별칭	embedded pragmatic MMR, pragmatic nested mixed methods, embedded pragmatist MMD, nested pragmatic mixed design	transformative embedded design, embedded mixed methods with transformative framework, transformative nested mixed methods
관련	5	2
요약	Embedded pragmatic mixed methods is a mixed methods design in which one data strand (typically qualitative) is nested within a larger, dominant strand (typically quantitative), and the entire study is guided by a pragmatist philosophical stance — selecting methods for what works best to answer the research question rather than adhering to a fixed paradigmatic commitment. The nested strand enriches or contextualises the dominant strand without standing on its own.	Embedded transformative mixed methods is a research design that nests one type of data (quantitative or qualitative) inside a dominant dataset of the other type, with both strands guided by an overarching transformative framework — such as feminist, disability rights, or social justice theory. The design serves research questions where statistical breadth and in-depth qualitative insight must both speak directly to equity, empowerment, or systemic change goals.