방법 비교

	엘보우 방법(Elbow Method)	Gap Statistic
분야	모델 평가	모델 평가
계열	MCDM	MCDM
기원 연도	1953	2001
창시자	Robert Thorndike	Robert Tibshirani, Guenther Walther, Trevor Hastie
유형	Heuristic optimization criterion	Statistical criterion
원전	Hastie, T., Tibshirani, R., & Friedman, J. (2009). The Elements of Statistical Learning: Data Mining, Inference, and Prediction. Springer Series in Statistics.	Tibshirani, R., Walther, G., & Hastie, T. (2001). Estimating the number of clusters in a data set via the gap statistic. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Statistical Methodology), 63(2), 411-423.
별칭	elbow analysis, knee detection	gap index, Tibshirani gap statistic
관련	5	5
요약	The Elbow Method is a heuristic for selecting the optimal number of clusters in partitional clustering. Introduced by Robert Thorndike in 1953, it involves fitting clustering models for increasing numbers of clusters and plotting the within-cluster sum of squares (WCSS) against the number of clusters. The 'elbow' occurs where the rate of WCSS decrease sharply changes, suggesting an optimal cluster count.	The Gap Statistic, developed by Tibshirani, Walther, and Hastie in 2001, is a principled statistical method for determining the optimal number of clusters in a dataset. It compares the observed within-cluster sum of squares to the expected value under a null hypothesis of no clustering structure, providing a theoretically grounded approach to cluster number selection.