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| 생태학 연구× | 용량-반응 분석× | |
|---|---|---|
| 분야 | 역학 | 역학 |
| 계열 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 기원 연도≠ | 19th century (Snow 1854); formalised mid-20th century | Conceptual roots 16th century; modern epidemiological application mid-20th century |
| 창시자≠ | Various; foundational work by John Snow (1854) and systematised in modern form by Brian MacMahon and colleagues | Paracelsus (conceptual foundation); formalized by John Snow and later Bradford Hill |
| 유형≠ | Observational epidemiological study | Quantitative analytical method |
| 원전≠ | Morgenstern, H. (1995). Ecologic studies in epidemiology: concepts, principles, and methods. Annual Review of Public Health, 16(1), 61–81. DOI ↗ | Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641 |
| 별칭 | aggregate study, correlational study, ecological correlation study, population-level study | exposure-response analysis, concentration-response modeling, dose-response modeling, DRA |
| 관련≠ | 5 | 4 |
| 요약≠ | An ecological study is an observational epidemiological design in which the unit of analysis is a group or population — a country, region, city, or time period — rather than an individual. Exposures and outcomes are measured as aggregates (rates, proportions, or means) and then correlated across groups to generate or evaluate hypotheses about population-level associations between risk factors and disease. | Dose-response analysis quantifies the relationship between the magnitude of an exposure (the dose) and the probability or rate of an outcome (the response). It is a core analytical strategy in epidemiology and toxicology, providing evidence that increasing exposure systematically increases — or decreases — the risk of disease. A demonstrated dose-response gradient is one of Bradford Hill's classic criteria supporting causal inference. |
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