방법 비교

	DALY Computation	Quality-Adjusted Life Years
분야	Global Health	보건경제학
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1994	1986
창시자	Christopher J. L. Murray; Christopher J. L. Murray & Alan D. Lopez	George W. Torrance; Milton C. Weinstein
유형	Composite burden-of-disease metric pipeline	Utility-weighted survival metric pipeline
원전	Murray, C. J. L. (1994). Quantifying the burden of disease: the technical basis for disability-adjusted life years. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 72(3), 429-445.	Weinstein, M. C., Torrance, G., & McGuire, A. (2009). QALYs: The Basics. Value in Health, 12(Suppl 1), S5-S9.
별칭	Disability-Adjusted Life Years, Burden of Disease Computation, YLL plus YLD, GBD DALY Calculation	QALY Computation, Quality-Adjusted Survival, Utility-Weighted Life Years, QALY Calculation for Cost-Utility Analysis
관련	3	3
요약	The disability-adjusted life year, or DALY, is the central metric of the global burden of disease, expressing the total health loss from a disease, injury, or risk factor as a single time-based number. One DALY is one healthy year of life lost. The metric, developed by Christopher Murray and elaborated with Alan Lopez in the 1990s, combines two distinct kinds of loss on a common scale: the years of life lost when people die earlier than a reference life expectancy, and the years of healthy life lost when people live with illness or disability rather than in full health. By weighting time lived in poor health by its severity and adding it to time lost to premature death, the DALY makes it possible to compare conditions as different as a fatal cancer and a chronic non-fatal disease, and to rank causes of ill health across populations in a way mortality statistics alone cannot.	The quality-adjusted life year, or QALY, is the standard outcome measure of cost-utility analysis in health economics. It combines length and quality of life into one number by weighting each year a person lives by a utility value reflecting their health-related quality of life during that year, on a scale where one is full health and zero is death. One year in perfect health is one QALY; two years lived at a utility of one half is also one QALY. Because the metric expresses survival and health-related quality of life in a single unit, it lets analysts compare interventions that extend life, improve quality of life, or do both, and it forms the denominator of the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios that health-technology agencies use to decide what to fund. George Torrance set out the methods for measuring the health-state utilities at the heart of the QALY, and Weinstein, Torrance, and McGuire later distilled the concept and its construction for a broad audience.