방법 비교

	비판적 구술사	비판적 담론 분석
분야	질적 방법	질적 방법
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1970s–1990s (critical turn within oral history)	Late 1970s–1990s (systematised ~1979–1995)
창시자	Alessandro Portelli; also Ronald Grele and the broader oral history movement	Norman Fairclough; Teun A. van Dijk; Ruth Wodak
유형	Qualitative research design	Qualitative research method
원전	Portelli, A. (1991). The Death of Luigi Trastulli and Other Stories: Form and Meaning in Oral History. State University of New York Press. ISBN: 978-0791405703	Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Polity Press.
별칭	critical oral inquiry, critical oral testimony research, critical oral narrative research, COH	CDA, Critical Linguistics, Discourse-Historical Approach, Dialectical-Relational Analysis
관련	5	6
요약	Critical oral history applies a critical theory lens to the collection and analysis of first-person spoken accounts of lived experience. It goes beyond preserving personal memory to interrogate how power, identity, race, class, gender, and structural inequality shape what is remembered, what is silenced, and how stories are told. Originating in the work of Alessandro Portelli and the critical turn in oral history from the 1970s onward, the approach treats oral testimony not simply as evidence of the past but as a site of meaning-making and political contestation.	Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a qualitative method that examines how language in texts and talk constructs, sustains, and challenges relations of power, ideology, and social inequality. Drawing on linguistics, social theory, and critical philosophy, CDA treats discourse not merely as communication but as social practice — a site where dominance is reproduced and where resistance can be articulated. Developed in the late twentieth century by Norman Fairclough, Teun van Dijk, and Ruth Wodak, among others, CDA is applied to political speeches, media texts, policy documents, educational materials, and institutional interactions.