방법 비교

	통제 집단 실험 설계	요인 실험
분야	실험설계	실험설계
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1935 (Fisher); 1963 (Campbell & Stanley codification)	1926–1935
창시자	Ronald A. Fisher; systematised by Donald T. Campbell & Julian C. Stanley	Ronald A. Fisher
유형	Experimental research design	Quantitative experimental design
원전	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.	Fisher, R. A. (1935). The Design of Experiments. Oliver and Boyd.
별칭	controlled experiment, true experimental design, randomized controlled design, treatment-control design	factorial design, factorial ANOVA design, multi-factor experiment, crossed-factor design
관련	4	6
요약	Control group experimental design is a fundamental experimental structure in which participants are assigned to at least two groups — a treatment group that receives the intervention and a control group that does not — so that the effect of the intervention can be isolated by comparing outcomes across groups. Randomisation of assignment strengthens causal inference by balancing known and unknown confounders.	A factorial experiment is an experimental design in which two or more independent variables (factors) are manipulated simultaneously, and every combination of their levels is tested. Introduced by Ronald Fisher in the 1920s–1930s, it is the standard approach whenever a researcher needs to detect not only the main effect of each factor but also whether the effect of one factor depends on the level of another — the interaction effect.