방법 비교

	동시 실용주의 혼합 방법	동시 다단계 혼합 방법
분야	연구설계	연구설계
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	2000s–2010s	2000s–2010s
창시자	John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark; philosophical grounding by R. Burke Johnson & Anthony Onwuegbuzie	Creswell & Plano Clark; Tashakkori & Teddlie
유형	Mixed methods research design	Mixed methods research design
원전	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN: 978-1483344379	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-1483344379
별칭	concurrent pragmatic design, pragmatic concurrent mixed methods, simultaneous pragmatic mixed methods	concurrent-multiphase design, simultaneous multiphase MMR, parallel multiphase mixed methods, concurrent multistrand design
관련	6	5
요약	Concurrent pragmatic mixed methods is a research design that collects quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously within a pragmatic philosophical framework. Rather than privileging either positivism or constructivism, the pragmatic stance selects methods based on what best answers the research question. Both data strands are gathered in parallel, then merged at the interpretation stage to provide a fuller picture than either strand alone could yield.	Concurrent multiphase mixed methods design combines the structural complexity of multiphase research — spanning several distinct project phases — with concurrent (simultaneous) data collection within each phase. At each stage, quantitative and qualitative data strands are gathered and analyzed in parallel rather than sequentially, and findings are integrated across phases to address a program of interrelated research questions over time.