방법 비교

	Combat Exposure Scale (CES)	PTSD Checklist
분야	군사심리학	군사심리학
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1989	1993
창시자	Keane, Fairbank, Caddell, Zimering, Taylor, & Mora	Weathers, Litz, Herman, Huska, & Keane
유형	Self-report	Self-report
원전	Keane, T. M., Fairbank, J. A., Caddell, J. M., Zimering, R. T., Taylor, K. L., & Mora, C. A. (1989). Clinical evaluation of a measure to assess combat exposure. Psychological Assessment, 1(1), 53-55.	Weathers, F. W., Litz, B. T., Herman, D. S., Huska, J. A., & Keane, T. M. (1993). The PTSD Checklist (PCL): Reliability and diagnostic utility. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 6(4), 1-6.
별칭	CES, Keane Combat Exposure Scale	PCL-M, PCL-Military
관련	4	4
요약	The CES is a 7-item self-report measure of combat exposure developed by Keane and colleagues in 1989. It quantifies the frequency and intensity of combat experiences, including direct fire, causalities witnessed, and hazardous mission environments. It is widely used in veteran research and clinical screening to characterize trauma load and risk for PTSD.	The PCL-M is a 17-item self-report inventory measuring PTSD symptom severity in military personnel. Developed by Weathers and colleagues in 1993, it directly corresponds to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. It is widely used in military, veteran, and trauma-exposed populations for screening and monitoring treatment response.