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| 군집 표본 추출× | 층화 표본 추출× | |
|---|---|---|
| 분야 | 조사방법론 | 조사방법론 |
| 계열 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 기원 연도≠ | Early-to-mid 20th century; canonical treatment 1953/1977 | 1977 |
| 창시자≠ | Formalized by William G. Cochran; roots in early 20th-century U.S. Census Bureau survey practice | William G. Cochran |
| 유형≠ | Probability sampling design | Probability-based survey sampling design |
| 원전 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471162407 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-16240-7 |
| 별칭≠ | cluster random sampling, area sampling, one-stage cluster sampling | Proportional Stratified Sampling, Optimal Allocation Sampling, Stratum-Based Sampling, Tabakalı Örnekleme |
| 관련≠ | 5 | 2 |
| 요약≠ | Cluster sampling is a probability sampling technique in which the population is divided into naturally occurring groups (clusters), a random sample of clusters is selected, and all — or a random subset of — members within each selected cluster are studied. It is especially practical when a complete population list is unavailable or when units are geographically dispersed, making individual random selection prohibitively expensive. One-stage cluster sampling surveys every member of selected clusters; two-stage designs add a second random draw within clusters. | Stratified sampling is a probability sampling design in which the target population is partitioned into non-overlapping, exhaustive subgroups called strata, and independent probability samples are drawn within each stratum. Formalized by William G. Cochran in Sampling Techniques (1977), the method exploits known population structure to reduce variance and guarantee representativeness of all major subgroups, making it a cornerstone of large-scale survey research and official statistics. |
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