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| 베이즈 선별 검사 평가× | 사례-대조 연구× | |
|---|---|---|
| 분야 | 역학 | 역학 |
| 계열 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 기원 연도≠ | 1763 (theorem); clinical screening application formalized ~1959–1970s | 1950s (formal methodology); precursors in the 1920s |
| 창시자≠ | Thomas Bayes (theorem, 1763); applied to clinical screening by Ledley & Lusted (1959) | Janet Lane-Claypon (early precursors, 1926); formalized by Brian MacMahon and Jerome Cornfield in the 1950s–1960s |
| 유형≠ | Bayesian analytical framework for test evaluation | Observational analytic study design |
| 원전≠ | Fletcher, R. H., Fletcher, S. W., & Fletcher, G. S. (2014). Clinical Epidemiology: The Essentials (5th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-1451144475 | Schlesselman, J.J. (1982). Case-Control Studies: Design, Conduct, Analysis. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195027860 |
| 별칭 | Bayesian diagnostic test evaluation, Bayesian predictive value analysis, posterior predictive value approach, Bayes theorem screening | case-referent study, case-control design, retrospective case-control, case-control analysis |
| 관련 | 6 | 6 |
| 요약≠ | Bayesian screening test evaluation applies Bayes' theorem to quantify how a screening test result changes the probability that an individual truly has a disease. Rather than reporting sensitivity and specificity in isolation, the approach centres on predictive values — the probability of disease given a positive or negative test — which depend critically on disease prevalence in the population being screened. The framework allows systematic updating of pre-test probability to post-test probability and supports decision-making under uncertainty. | A case-control study is a retrospective observational design in which individuals who have developed a disease or outcome of interest (cases) are compared with individuals who have not (controls) to determine whether prior exposure to a putative risk factor differs between the two groups. The primary measure of association is the odds ratio, which approximates the relative risk when the outcome is rare. Case-control studies are especially efficient for investigating rare diseases and generating etiological hypotheses. |
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