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| 베이즈 측정 불변성 검정× | 차별 문항 기능(Differential Item Functioning, DIF)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 분야 | 심리측정학 | 심리측정학 |
| 계열 | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| 기원 연도≠ | 2013 | 1970s–1993 |
| 창시자≠ | Bengt Muthen, Tihomir Asparouhov, Rens Van de Schoot | William H. Angoff and colleagues (ETS); systematized by Holland & Wainer |
| 유형≠ | Bayesian multigroup latent variable test | Item-level bias detection |
| 원전≠ | Van de Schoot, R., Kluytmans, A., Tummers, L., Lugtig, P., Hox, J., & Muthen, B. (2013). Facing off with Scylla and Charybdis: a comparison of scalar, partial, and the novel possibility of approximate measurement invariance. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 770. DOI ↗ | Holland, P. W. & Wainer, H. (Eds.) (1993). Differential Item Functioning. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805809589 |
| 별칭 | Bayesian MI, approximate measurement invariance, Bayesian multigroup CFA invariance, BSEM measurement invariance | DIF, item bias analysis, measurement non-equivalence, item-level measurement bias |
| 관련≠ | 6 | 5 |
| 요약≠ | Bayesian measurement invariance testing evaluates whether a scale's factor loadings and item intercepts are equivalent across groups, using a Bayesian framework that allows parameters to deviate from strict equality by a small, probabilistically specified amount rather than imposing an exact constraint. | Differential item functioning identifies test or survey items that behave differently for examinees from different groups — such as gender, ethnicity, or language background — after controlling for the underlying ability or trait being measured. DIF analysis is essential for fairness evaluation in educational testing and psychological scale development. |
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