방법 비교

	Arriaga Decomposition	Direct Standardization
분야	인구학	인구학
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1984	2001
창시자	Eduardo E. Arriaga	Classical demographic method (formalized by Preston, Heuveline & Guillot)
유형	Age-specific decomposition of a difference in life expectancy	Rate adjustment by reweighting to a standard population
원전	Arriaga, E. E. (1984). Measuring and explaining the change in life expectancies. Demography, 21(1), 83–96.	Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512
별칭	Arriaga's method, Life-expectancy decomposition, Age decomposition of life expectancy, Arriaga Ayrıştırması	Directly standardized rate, Age-standardized rate, Direct method of standardization, Doğrudan Standardizasyon
관련	4	4
요약	Arriaga decomposition is a demographic technique that breaks down the difference in life expectancy between two life tables — two countries, two time points, or two groups — into the contributions of mortality change at each age. Introduced by Eduardo Arriaga in 1984, it tells the analyst not just that life expectancy rose or fell, but exactly which ages drove the change, separating the direct effect of mortality change within an age interval from the indirect effect of the extra survivors that change passes on to older ages.	Direct standardization is a demographic technique that makes summary rates comparable across populations by applying each population's group-specific rates — most often age-specific death or disease rates — to a single, common standard population structure. The resulting directly standardized rate answers a counterfactual question: what would the crude rate be if every population had the same age (or other) composition? It removes the confounding effect of differing population structure so that genuine differences in underlying risk can be compared on a level footing.