手法を比較

	空間誤差モデル（SEM）	空間ラグモデル（SAR / 空間自己回帰）
分野	空間分析	空間分析
系統	Regression model	Regression model
提唱年	1988	1988
提唱者	Anselin	Anselin (textbook formalisation); LeSage & Pace
種類	Spatial regression (spatially autocorrelated errors)	Spatial autoregressive regression
原典	Anselin, L. (1988). Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models. Kluwer Academic.	Anselin, L. (1988). Spatial Econometrics: Methods and Models. Kluwer Academic.
別名	SEM, spatial error regression, spatial autoregressive error model, Uzamsal Hata Modeli (SEM / Spatial Error)	SAR model, spatial autoregressive model, spatial lag, Uzamsal Gecikme Modeli (SAR / Spatial Lag)
関連	5	5
概要	The Spatial Error Model, developed within Anselin's spatial econometrics framework (1988), is a regression model that assumes spatial dependence enters through the error term: the disturbances of neighbouring units are correlated. It is used when unobserved shared factors make the errors of nearby observations move together, and it is estimated by maximum likelihood or GMM rather than ordinary least squares.	The Spatial Lag Model is an autoregressive regression that assumes spatial dependence in the dependent variable itself: the outcome values of neighbouring units enter the model as an explanatory term (ρWy). It was formalised in Anselin's Spatial Econometrics (1988) and developed further by LeSage and Pace (2009), and it decomposes spillover effects into direct, indirect, and total impacts.