手法を比較

	単盲検多群実験	適応実験
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	Mid-to-late 20th century	1940s–1970s (sequential foundations); formalised in clinical and behavioural research by 1980s–2000s
提唱者	Developed within the clinical trials tradition; formalized by Friedman, Furberg, and DeMets and others in the 20th century	Abraham Wald (sequential analysis foundation); expanded by Robbins, Armitage, and others
種類	Controlled experimental design	Experimental research design
原典	Friedman, L. M., Furberg, C. D., & DeMets, D. L. (2010). Fundamentals of Clinical Trials (4th ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-1441915849	Chow, S. C., & Chang, M. (2008). Adaptive Design Methods in Clinical Trials. Chapman and Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584886761
別名	single-masked multi-arm trial, single-blind multi-group experiment, unidirectional blinding multi-arm design, SB-MAT	adaptive design, response-adaptive randomization, adaptive trial, adaptive randomization
関連	5	5
概要	A single-blind multi-arm experiment is a controlled experimental design that simultaneously compares three or more treatment conditions while blinding participants — but not investigators — to their group assignment. This configuration reduces response bias driven by participants' expectations, preserves operational feasibility when full blinding is impractical, and allows direct pairwise and omnibus comparisons across multiple arms within a single study.	An adaptive experiment is an experimental design in which pre-specified rules allow the protocol to be modified — such as reallocating participants to better-performing arms, stopping early for efficacy or futility, or changing sample size — based on accumulating interim data, while maintaining statistical validity. Adaptive designs are widely used in clinical trials, behavioural economics, and online platform testing to improve efficiency and ethics without sacrificing inferential rigour.