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| シフトシェア操作変数（Bartik操作変数）× | 回帰キンクデザイン (RKD)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 分野 | 因果推論 | 因果推論 |
| 系統 | Regression model | Regression model |
| 提唱年≠ | 2020 | 2015 |
| 提唱者≠ | Bartik (1991); identification framework by Goldsmith-Pinkham, Sorkin & Swift (2020) and Borusyak, Hull & Jaravel (2022) | Card, Lee, Pei & Weber |
| 種類≠ | Instrumental-variable design | Quasi-experimental design (slope-based RDD) |
| 原典≠ | Goldsmith-Pinkham, P., Sorkin, I. & Swift, H. (2020). Bartik Instruments: What, When, Why, and How. American Economic Review, 110(8), 2586–2624. DOI ↗ | Card, D., Lee, D. S., Pei, Z. & Weber, A. (2015). Inference on Causal Effects in a Generalized Regression Kink Design. Econometrica, 83(6), 2453-2483. DOI ↗ |
| 別名≠ | Bartik instrument, shift-share instrument, Shift-Share Araç Değişkeni (Bartik Instrument) | RKD, regression kink design, kink regression discontinuity, Regresyon Kırılma Tasarımı (RKD — Regression Kink Design) |
| 関連≠ | 5 | 4 |
| 概要≠ | The shift-share instrumental variable, widely known as the Bartik instrument, is a causal-inference strategy that builds an instrument by interacting national or sector-level shocks (the shifts) with local composition weights (the shares). Its modern identification framework was set out by Goldsmith-Pinkham, Sorkin and Swift (2020) and Borusyak, Hull and Jaravel (2022). | The Regression Kink Design is a quasi-experimental method that estimates a causal effect when a policy rule creates a change in slope (a kink) — rather than a jump — at a known threshold of a running variable. It was formalised as a generalized design by Card, Lee, Pei and Weber (2015) and is the slope-based counterpart of the regression discontinuity design. |
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