手法を比較

	地震反射探査解釈	地球物理インバージョン
分野	地球科学	地球科学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1960s	1963
提唱者	Dobrin and Savit	Tikhonov and Tarantola
種類	geophysical imaging pipeline	data assimilation pipeline
原典	Yilmaz, Ö. (2001). Seismic Data Analysis: Processing, Inversion, and Interpretation of Seismic Data. Society of Exploration Geophysicists.	Tarantola, A. (1987). Inverse Problem Theory: Methods for Data Fitting and Model Parameter Estimation. Elsevier.
別名	seismic interpretation, seismic data analysis	inverse problem solving, parameter estimation, model-data fitting
関連	5	3
概要	Seismic reflection interpretation is the process of extracting meaningful geological information from seismic survey data, which is collected by recording elastic waves reflected from rock layers beneath the surface. Developed and systematized in the mid-20th century, this method is foundational in petroleum exploration and engineering geology. It enables geoscientists to image subsurface structures, identify hydrocarbon prospects, and assess hazards without drilling.	Geophysical inversion is the process of using observed geophysical data to estimate subsurface properties and structures. Formalized by Tikhonov (1963) and expanded by Tarantola (1987), this mathematical framework solves the inverse problem: given measurements (gravity, magnetics, seismic, electrical), what subsurface model produced them? Inversion is central to all quantitative geophysics and enables extraction of detailed subsurface information from surface or borehole measurements.