手法を比較

	ロバスト・ミクロシミュレーション	確率的ミクロシミュレーション
分野	シミュレーション	シミュレーション
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1990s–2000s	1957
提唱者	Briggs, A. H.; O'Brien, B. J. and others in health technology assessment literature	Guy H. Orcutt
種類	Simulation with systematic robustness testing	Stochastic individual-level simulation
原典	O'Brien, B. J., & Briggs, A. H. (2002). Analysis of uncertainty in health care cost-effectiveness studies: an introduction to statistical issues and methods. Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 11(6), 455-468.	Orcutt, G. H. (1957). A new type of socio-economic system. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 39(2), 116–123.
別名	Robust Micro-Simulation, Uncertainty-Robust Microsimulation, Probabilistic Microsimulation, Sensitivity-Enhanced Microsimulation	Probabilistic Microsimulation, Monte Carlo Microsimulation, Stochastic Micro-simulation, SMSM
関連	5	6
概要	Robust Microsimulation combines individual-level (micro) simulation with systematic uncertainty analysis — typically probabilistic sensitivity analysis — to generate outputs that are robust to parameter uncertainty, model structure assumptions, and input variability. It is widely used in health technology assessment, public policy, and social science to produce credible, decision-relevant predictions.	Stochastic Microsimulation tracks a large population of individual units — people, households, or firms — through time by applying random draws from empirically estimated probability distributions at each transition event. Unlike deterministic counterparts, every state change is decided by chance, preserving realistic heterogeneity and allowing rigorous uncertainty quantification across multiple simulation runs.