手法を比較

	フィッシャーの正確確率検定（Fisher Exact Randomization Inference）	最小二乗法 (OLS) 回帰
分野	統計学	計量経済学
系統	Regression model	Regression model
提唱年	1935	2019
提唱者	Ronald A. Fisher	Wooldridge (textbook treatment); classical least squares
種類	Exact permutation-based inference	Linear regression
原典	Fisher, R. A. (1935). The Design of Experiments. Oliver & Boyd.	Wooldridge, J. M. (2019). Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach (7th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN: 978-1337558860
別名	fisher randomization test, permutation inference, exact randomization test, randomizasyon çıkarımı (fisher exact randomization)	ordinary least squares, classical linear regression, linear regression, en küçük kareler regresyonu
関連	5	5
概要	Randomization inference, introduced by Ronald A. Fisher in The Design of Experiments (1935), computes an exact p-value by evaluating a test statistic across all possible treatment assignments under Fisher's sharp null hypothesis. It is regarded as the gold standard for analysing designed experiments because its validity rests on the known assignment mechanism rather than on distributional assumptions.	Ordinary Least Squares is the classical linear regression method that explains a continuous outcome as a linear combination of predictors. It estimates the coefficients by minimising the sum of squared residuals, and under the Gauss-Markov assumptions these estimates are the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE).