手法を比較

	Prospective Cox Proportional Hazards	生存時間解析
分野	疫学	研究統計
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1972 (Cox model); widespread prospective application from late 1970s	1958
提唱者	David R. Cox (model); applied prospectively in large cohort studies from 1970s onward	Edward L. Kaplan and Paul Meier
種類	Semi-parametric survival regression applied to prospectively collected time-to-event data	Method
原典	Cox, D. R. (1972). Regression models and life-tables. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 34(2), 187–202.	Kaplan, E. L., & Meier, P. (1958). Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 53(282), 457–481.
別名	prospective Cox regression, Cox PH prospective study, prospective survival regression, prospective hazard modeling	Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression, TTE analysis
関連	4	3
概要	Prospective Cox proportional hazards regression combines a forward-looking cohort design — in which participants are enrolled before outcomes occur and followed over time — with Cox's semi-parametric survival model. The method estimates how baseline covariates measured at enrollment influence the rate at which participants experience a time-to-event outcome, while preserving the temporal direction required for causal inference. It is one of the most widely used analytical frameworks in clinical epidemiology and chronic disease research.	Survival analysis is a collection of statistical methods for modeling time from a defined starting point until an event of interest occurs (disease, recovery, death, equipment failure). Kaplan and Meier's nonparametric estimator (1958) and David Cox's proportional hazards model (1972) jointly enabled analysis of censored data—individuals whose event times are unknown because they left the study or were still event-free at follow-up. Indispensable in oncology, cardiology, infectious disease research, engineering reliability, and any field where time-to-event matters.