手法を比較

	実用的全要因実験	実用的ランダム化比較試験
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1920s (factorial); 1967/2009 (pragmatic framework)	1967
提唱者	Full factorial: R.A. Fisher (1920s); Pragmatic framing: Schwartz & Lellouch (1967), formalized by Thorpe et al. (2009)	Daniel Schwartz and Joseph Lellouch
種類	Experimental design	Experimental design — pragmatic trial
原典	Thorpe, K. E., Zwarenstein, M., Oxman, A. D., Treweek, S., Furberg, C. D., Altman, D. G., ... & Chalmers, I. (2009). A pragmatic-explanatory continuum indicator summary (PRECIS): a tool to help trial designers. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 62(5), 464-475.	Schwartz, D., & Lellouch, J. (1967). Explanatory and pragmatic attitudes in therapeutical trials. Journal of Chronic Diseases, 20(8), 637–648.
別名	pragmatic factorial trial, real-world full factorial design, effectiveness full factorial experiment, pragmatic 2^k experiment	pRCT, pragmatic trial, practical clinical trial, real-world RCT
関連	6	4
概要	A pragmatic full factorial experiment combines the complete crossing of all factor levels (the full factorial structure) with the broad eligibility criteria, flexible delivery, and real-world conditions of a pragmatic trial. Every possible combination of factors is tested simultaneously, yielding both main effects and all interaction effects, while deliberately relaxing strict laboratory controls to reflect how interventions actually operate in practice.	A pragmatic randomized controlled trial (pRCT) tests whether an intervention works under ordinary, real-world conditions — broad eligibility, flexible delivery, and routine care settings. Participants are still randomly assigned to treatment or control, preserving causal inference, but the study is designed to reflect the diversity and variability of actual practice rather than the ideal conditions of an explanatory trial. The defining framework is the PRECIS-2 tool, which maps any RCT along nine pragmatic-to-explanatory dimensions.