手法を比較

	点二列相関係数	独立標本t検定
分野	統計学	統計学
系統	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
提唱年	1954	1908
提唱者	Robert F. Tate	Student (W. S. Gosset)
種類	Parametric correlation coefficient	Parametric mean comparison
原典	Tate, R. F. (1954). Correlation between a discrete and a continuous variable. Point-biserial correlation. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 25(3), 603–607.	Student (1908). The probable error of a mean. Biometrika, 6(1), 1–25.
別名	rpb, r_pb, point biserial r, item-total correlation	student t-test, two-sample t-test, unpaired t-test, bağımsız örneklem t-testi
関連	4	4
概要	The point-biserial correlation coefficient (r_pb) measures the strength and direction of the linear association between one naturally dichotomous variable (coded 0/1) and one continuous variable. It is a special case of the Pearson product-moment correlation formally derived by Tate (1954) in the Annals of Mathematical Statistics and is the standard index used in psychometric item analysis, validity studies, and any research context where a binary grouping variable is related to a continuous outcome.	The independent samples t-test is a parametric hypothesis test that compares the means of two independent groups to decide whether they differ significantly. It builds on the t-distribution introduced by Student (W. S. Gosset) in 1908 and assumes the measured values are continuous, approximately normally distributed, and have equal variances.