手法を比較

	岩石学的分析	盆地沈降解析
分野	地球科学	地球科学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1858	1978
提唱者	Henry Clifton Sorby	McKenzie and Sclater
種類	compositional characterization pipeline	tectono-sedimentary analysis pipeline
原典	Tucker, M. E. (2003). Sedimentary Rocks in the Field: A Color Guide (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.	Sclater, J. G., & Christie, P. A. F. (1980). Continental stretching: An explanation of the post-mid-Cretaceous subsidence of the Central North Sea Basin. Journal of Geophysical Research, 85(B7), 3711–3739.
別名	microscopy analysis, thin section analysis, modal composition determination	tectonic subsidence, backstripping, thermal history analysis
関連	5	4
概要	Petrographic analysis is the microscopic examination of rock thin sections to determine mineral composition, grain size, texture, and diagenetic alteration. Pioneered by Sorby in 1858, this method remains the gold standard for understanding lithology and has evolved to include quantitative image analysis and cathodoluminescence. Petrographic data anchor well-log interpretation, validate seismic velocity models, and constrain paleoenvironmental and diagenetic histories.	Basin subsidence analysis is the quantitative study of how sedimentary basins deepen over geological time, driven by tectonics, isostasy, and load. Formalized by McKenzie (1978) and Sclater and Christie (1980), this method reveals the mechanical causes of basin development, predicts subsurface temperature and pressure histories, and constrains petroleum generation. Analysis integrates well stratigraphy, seismic geometry, gravity data, and thermal models to reconstruct basin evolution.