手法を比較

	ピアソンの積率相関係数	単回帰分析
分野	統計学	統計学
系統	Hypothesis test	Regression model
提唱年	1895	1805
提唱者	Karl Pearson	Adrien-Marie Legendre (least squares, 1805); Francis Galton (regression concept, 1886)
種類	Parametric correlation	Parametric bivariate regression
原典	Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.	Legendre, A. M. (1805). Nouvelles méthodes pour la détermination des orbites des comètes. Firmin Didot, Paris. [Appendix: Sur la méthode des moindres quarrés, pp. 72–80]
別名	pearson r, product-moment correlation, bivariate correlation, Pearson Korelasyon Analizi	SLR, ordinary least squares regression, OLS regression, bivariate regression
関連	4	7
概要	The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (r) is a parametric measure of the direction and strength of the linear association between two continuous variables. Introduced by Karl Pearson in 1895, it remains the most widely used bivariate correlation statistic in the social, health, and natural sciences. The coefficient ranges from −1 (perfect negative linear relationship) to +1 (perfect positive), with 0 indicating no linear association.	Simple linear regression is the foundational parametric method for modelling a straight-line relationship between one continuous predictor and one continuous outcome, estimating the slope and intercept by ordinary least squares (OLS). The least squares principle was first published by Adrien-Marie Legendre in 1805, and Francis Galton introduced the concept of regression to the mean in 1886, coining the term that names the entire family of methods.