手法を比較

	パネルデータ傾向スコアマッチング	エントロピー・バランシング
分野	因果推論	因果推論
系統	Regression model	Regression model
提唱年	1997-1998	2012
提唱者	Heckman, Ichimura & Todd	Jens Hainmueller
種類	Matching / causal inference	Covariate-balancing reweighting
原典	Heckman, J. J., Ichimura, H., & Todd, P. (1998). Matching as an Econometric Evaluation Estimator. Review of Economic Studies, 65(2), 261-294.	Hainmueller, J. (2012). Entropy balancing for causal effects: A multivariate reweighting method to produce balanced samples in observational studies. Political Analysis, 20(1), 25-46.
別名	PSM with panel data, longitudinal PSM, panel PSM, difference-in-differences PSM	EB, entropy reweighting, covariate balancing via entropy, Hainmueller balancing
関連	6	6
概要	Panel data propensity score matching combines the bias-reduction of PSM with the longitudinal structure of panel data, enabling causal estimation of treatment effects by matching treated and control units on observable pre-treatment characteristics and then differencing within matched pairs over time. Developed in the framework of Heckman, Ichimura, and Todd (1998), it is especially valuable when randomisation is infeasible and both selection on observables and time-varying confounding must be addressed simultaneously.	Entropy balancing is a preprocessing method for causal inference that assigns weights to control-group units so that the reweighted control sample matches the treatment group exactly on a chosen set of covariate moments (means, variances, skewness). Introduced by Hainmueller (2012), it replaces trial-and-error propensity-score trimming with a constrained maximum-entropy optimisation that achieves balance in a single step.