手法を比較

	オンライン調査	構造化面接
分野	調査方法論	調査方法論
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	Mid-1990s (widespread scholarly adoption ~1995–2000)	1940s–1950s
提唱者	Mick P. Couper, Don A. Dillman (early systematic frameworks)	Survey research tradition; formalized by Campbell, Katona, and Kahn in mid-20th century
種類	Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection technique	Quantitative / mixed data collection technique
原典	Couper, M. P. (2000). Web surveys: A review of issues and approaches. Public Opinion Quarterly, 64(4), 464–494.	Fontana, A., & Frey, J. H. (2000). The interview: From structured questions to negotiated text. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of Qualitative Research (2nd ed., pp. 645–672). Sage.
別名	web survey, internet survey, e-survey, computer-assisted web interviewing	standardized interview, formal interview, schedule-based interview, fixed-format interview
関連	6	4
概要	An online survey is a structured data collection instrument hosted on a web platform and completed by respondents via internet-connected devices. It enables large-scale, geographically dispersed data gathering at low cost and with rapid turnaround. Respondents self-administer the questionnaire at their convenience, which reduces interviewer bias and permits automatic data capture. Online surveys are the dominant mode of survey research in social, behavioural, health, and market research today.	A structured interview is a data collection technique in which every participant is asked exactly the same pre-specified questions in the same order, using standardized wording. Because the interview schedule is fixed, responses across participants are directly comparable, enabling quantitative aggregation and statistical analysis. It sits at the most standardized end of the interview continuum, between the self-administered questionnaire and the semi-structured interview.