手法を比較

	観察研究の質評価のためのNewcastle-Ottawa Scale	ランダム化比較試験のためのコクランのリスク・バイアス評価ツール2.0
分野	研究方法論	研究方法論
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2000	2019
提唱者	Wells et al. (Ottawa Hospital Research Institute)	Jonathan Sterne, Julian Higgins (Cochrane Collaboration)
種類	Research team assessment	Clinician-rated / Research team assessment
原典	Wells, G. A., Shea, B., O'Connell, D., Peterson, J., Welch, V., Losos, M., & Tugwell, P. (2000). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Retrieved from Ottawa Hospital Research Institute.	Sterne, J. A., Savović, J., Page, M. J., Elbers, R. G., Blencowe, N. S., Boutron, I., ... & Higgins, J. P. (2019). RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ, 366, l4898.
別名	NOS	RoB 2.0, RoB 2
関連	4	4
概要	The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) is a widely used tool for assessing the methodological quality of observational studies (case-control and cohort designs) included in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Developed by Wells et al. at Ottawa Hospital in 2000, it provides explicit criteria and a star-based scoring system that enables transparent, quantitative comparison of study quality across evidence syntheses.	RoB 2 is the Cochrane Collaboration's updated methodology for assessing the risk of bias in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Published in 2019, it replaced the original Cochrane RoB tool with a more structured, transparent approach using signalling questions and domain-based judgments to evaluate five critical sources of bias.