手法を比較

	多施設共同診断精度の検証研究	スクリーニング検査評価
分野	疫学	疫学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2003 (STARD statement first published; updated 2015)	1968 (Wilson-Jungner principles); statistical framework developed 1970s–2000s
提唱者	STARD Group (Bossuyt, Reitsma et al.)	Wilson & Jungner (WHO criteria, 1968); foundational work by Pepe, Altman, and others in statistical test evaluation
種類	Observational diagnostic study design	Observational diagnostic / epidemiological evaluation design
原典	Bossuyt, P. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bruns, D. E., Gatsonis, C. A., Glasziou, P. P., Irwig, L., Lijmer, J. G., Moher, D., Rennie, D., de Vet, H. C. W., Kressel, H. Y., Rifai, N., Golub, R. M., Altman, D. G., Hooft, L., Korevaar, D. A., & Cohen, J. F. (2015). STARD 2015: An Updated List of Essential Items for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies. BMJ, 351, h5527.	Wilson, J. M. G., & Jungner, G. (1968). Principles and Practice of Screening for Disease. World Health Organization. Public Health Papers No. 34.
別名	multisite diagnostic accuracy study, multicenter DTA study, multicenter index test evaluation, STARD multicenter study	screening study, screening performance evaluation, screening accuracy assessment, STE
関連	5	6
概要	A multicenter diagnostic accuracy study evaluates how well an index test (e.g., a biomarker, imaging modality, or clinical prediction rule) identifies a target condition when conducted across two or more independent clinical sites. By recruiting patients from diverse settings, it produces estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios that are more externally valid than those obtained from a single center, and it enables explicit assessment of how test performance varies across sites, patient populations, and operator skill levels.	Screening test evaluation is a systematic epidemiological approach for assessing whether a test or program can accurately and cost-effectively identify individuals with a condition before symptoms appear. It quantifies diagnostic performance metrics — sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and the ROC curve — and evaluates whether a screening program meets established public health criteria for adoption and harm-benefit balance.