手法を比較

	多施設共同症例対照研究	メタアナリシス症例対照研究
分野	疫学	疫学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	Mid-20th century; multicenter framework formalised 1970s–1980s	1980s–2000 (formalized with MOOSE reporting guidelines in 2000)
提唱者	Epidemiology convention; seminal statistical framework by Breslow & Day (IARC, 1980)	Systematic development attributed to multiple epidemiologists; MOOSE guidelines formalized by Stroup et al.
種類	Observational analytical epidemiological design	Observational study synthesis
原典	Breslow, N. E., & Day, N. E. (1980). Statistical Methods in Cancer Research. Volume I: The Analysis of Case-Control Studies. IARC Scientific Publications No. 32. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon. ISBN: 978-9283211327	Shapiro, S. (1994). Meta-analysis/Shmeta-analysis. American Journal of Epidemiology, 140(9), 771-778.
別名	multisite case-control study, collaborative case-control study, pooled case-control study, multi-institutional case-control study	pooled case-control analysis, case-control meta-analysis, meta-analytic case-control design, systematic pooled case-control
関連	6	4
概要	A multicenter case-control study is an observational design that identifies individuals who have developed a disease (cases) and disease-free comparators (controls) across two or more study sites simultaneously. By pooling recruitment across hospitals, clinics, or geographic regions, the design achieves larger sample sizes, captures exposure variability over broader populations, and improves the statistical power needed to detect modest odds ratios for rare or heterogeneous diseases.	A meta-analytic case-control study systematically identifies, critically appraises, and quantitatively synthesizes data from multiple independent case-control studies examining the same exposure-disease relationship. By pooling odds ratios across studies, it yields a more precise and generalizable estimate of association than any single study can provide, while formally quantifying heterogeneity across populations, settings, and study periods.