手法を比較

	メタアナリシス的ケースクロスオーバーデザイン	Matched Case-Control Study
分野	疫学	疫学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1991 (base design); meta-analytic applications from late 1990s onward	1950s–1970s
提唱者	Maclure (case-crossover basis, 1991); meta-analytic extension through environmental epidemiology consortia (1990s–2000s)	Brian MacMahon and others; systematised by Schlesselman (1982)
種類	Observational epidemiological design with meta-analytic synthesis	Observational analytic design
原典	Maclure, M. (1991). The case-crossover design: a method for studying transient effects on the risk of acute events. American Journal of Epidemiology, 133(2), 144–153.	Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755474
別名	pooled case-crossover analysis, case-crossover meta-analysis, MACCO, systematic pooling of case-crossover studies	matched case-referent study, individually matched case-control, pair-matched case-control, matched case-control design
関連	3	5
概要	The meta-analytic case-crossover design combines the within-person control structure of the case-crossover study with formal meta-analytic pooling across multiple studies. Each contributing study uses cases as their own controls by comparing exposure windows immediately preceding an acute event to matched reference windows in the same individual. The pooled approach synthesizes conditional odds ratios across studies, maximizing statistical power and generalizability — commonly applied to short-term environmental exposures such as air pollution, temperature extremes, and drug triggers of acute events.	A matched case-control study is an observational epidemiological design in which each case (a person with the disease or outcome of interest) is paired with one or more controls (persons without the outcome) who share one or more characteristics — such as age, sex, or clinical setting — to control confounding. Exposure history is then compared between cases and their matched controls to estimate the odds ratio of the exposure-disease association.