手法を比較

	一致化カプランマイヤー解析	生存時間解析
分野	疫学	研究統計
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1958 (KM); matched application formalized 1980s–2000s	1958
提唱者	Kaplan & Meier (KM method, 1958); matching extensions developed through propensity score methods (Rosenbaum & Rubin, 1983)	Edward L. Kaplan and Paul Meier
種類	Nonparametric survival analysis with observational confounder control	Method
原典	Kaplan, E. L., & Meier, P. (1958). Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 53(282), 457-481.	Kaplan, E. L., & Meier, P. (1958). Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 53(282), 457–481.
別名	KM analysis in matched cohorts, propensity-matched survival curves, matched survival analysis, paired Kaplan-Meier	Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression, TTE analysis
関連	6	3
概要	Matched Kaplan-Meier analysis estimates and compares survival functions in groups that have been pre-balanced through individual or propensity-score matching. By applying the Kaplan-Meier product-limit estimator to matched cohorts or matched pairs, investigators can visualize time-to-event outcomes while controlling for confounders that would otherwise distort treatment or exposure comparisons in observational data.	Survival analysis is a collection of statistical methods for modeling time from a defined starting point until an event of interest occurs (disease, recovery, death, equipment failure). Kaplan and Meier's nonparametric estimator (1958) and David Cox's proportional hazards model (1972) jointly enabled analysis of censored data—individuals whose event times are unknown because they left the study or were still event-free at follow-up. Indispensable in oncology, cardiology, infectious disease research, engineering reliability, and any field where time-to-event matters.