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| マッチド診断精度研究× | 診断精度の研究デザイン× | |
|---|---|---|
| 分野≠ | 疫学 | 臨床研究 |
| 系統 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 提唱年≠ | 1990s–2000s (formalised with STARD 2003) | 2003-2015 |
| 提唱者≠ | Evolved from matched case-control methodology; STARD standards formalised by Bossuyt et al. (2003) | Bossuyt, Reitsma, and STARD group (2003); clinical epidemiology pioneers |
| 種類≠ | Diagnostic / clinical epidemiology study design | Research Design |
| 原典≠ | Bossuyt, P. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bruns, D. E., Gatsonis, C. A., Glasziou, P. P., Irwig, L. M., Lijmer, J. G., Moher, D., Rennie, D., & de Vet, H. C. W. (2003). Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: The STARD initiative. BMJ, 326(7379), 41–44. DOI ↗ | Bossuyt, P. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bruns, D. E., Gatsonis, C. A., Glasziou, P. P., Irwig, L. M., ... & de Vet, H. C. (2003). Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative. Annals of Internal Medicine, 138(1), 40–44. DOI ↗ |
| 別名 | matched DAS, paired diagnostic accuracy study, matched test accuracy study, matched sensitivity-specificity study | diagnostic accuracy study, test accuracy, STARD, diagnostic evaluation |
| 関連≠ | 4 | 2 |
| 概要≠ | A matched diagnostic accuracy study evaluates how well an index test correctly identifies a target condition in study participants who have been matched on key characteristics — such as age, sex, or disease severity — to control for confounding. By pairing diseased and non-diseased subjects on relevant factors before administering the test, the design isolates the test's own discriminative performance from variation attributable to imbalanced covariates, yielding cleaner estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and related accuracy measures. | A diagnostic accuracy study evaluates how well a new diagnostic test (or biomarker, imaging modality, clinical assessment) detects the presence or absence of disease compared to a reference standard (gold standard). Standardized since 2003 by the STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) initiative, diagnostic accuracy studies are fundamental to clinical medicine, determining whether and how new tests can improve patient diagnosis and treatment. |
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