手法を比較

	マン・ホイットニーのU検定	ウィルコクソンの符号順位検定
分野	統計学	統計学
系統	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
提唱年	1947	1945
提唱者	H. B. Mann & D. R. Whitney	Frank Wilcoxon
種類	Nonparametric two-group comparison	Nonparametric paired comparison
原典	Mann, H. B. & Whitney, D. R. (1947). On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 18(1), 50–60.	Wilcoxon, F. (1945). Individual comparisons by ranking methods. Biometrics Bulletin, 1(6), 80–83.
別名	Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Mann-Whitney U Testi	Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test, signed-rank test, Wilcoxon İşaretli Sıra Testi
関連	4	4
概要	The Mann-Whitney U test is the nonparametric alternative to the independent samples t-test, comparing two independent groups by ranking all observations together rather than relying on their means. It was introduced by H. B. Mann and D. R. Whitney in 1947 and does not require the data to be normally distributed.	The Wilcoxon signed-rank test is the nonparametric alternative to the paired t-test, comparing two related measurements on the same subjects to decide whether their typical difference is zero. It was introduced by Frank Wilcoxon in 1945 and works on continuous or ordinal data without assuming normality.