手法を比較

	異質的処置効果因果影響分析	傾向スコアマッチング
分野	因果推論	研究統計
系統	Regression model	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2015-2016	1983
提唱者	Brodersen et al. (causal impact framework, 2015); Athey & Imbens (HTE estimation, 2016)	Paul Rosenbaum and Donald Rubin
種類	Causal inference / heterogeneous effects estimation	Method
原典	Brodersen, K. H., Gallusser, F., Koehler, J., Remy, N., & Scott, S. L. (2015). Inferring causal impact using Bayesian structural time-series models. Annals of Applied Statistics, 9(1), 247-274.	Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika, 70(1), 41–55.
別名	HTE-CausalImpact, CATE causal impact, heterogeneous causal impact, subgroup causal impact analysis	PSM, propensity score weighting, covariate balance
関連	5	3
概要	Heterogeneous treatment effect causal impact analysis extends the Bayesian structural time-series causal impact framework to estimate not just the average effect of an intervention but how that effect varies across subgroups or individual units. By combining counterfactual prediction with conditional average treatment effect (CATE) estimation, it reveals which groups benefit most or least from an intervention.	Propensity score matching (PSM) is a method for reducing confounding bias in observational studies by balancing baseline characteristics between treatment groups, simulating randomization. Developed by Rosenbaum and Rubin (1983), it estimates the probability of receiving treatment given observed covariates, then matches or weights treated and control individuals with similar treatment probabilities. Widely used in medicine, epidemiology, and policy evaluation when randomized trials are infeasible or unethical, enabling estimation of treatment effects while controlling for selection bias.