手法を比較

	Global Moran's I	空間的自己相関
分野	空間分析	空間分析
系統	Regression model	Regression model
提唱年	1950	1950
提唱者	Patrick Alfred Pierce Moran	P. A. P. Moran (global measure, 1950); Roy Geary (Geary's C, 1954); Luc Anselin (LISA, 1995)
種類	Global spatial autocorrelation test / index	Spatial statistic / exploratory spatial data analysis
原典	Moran, P. A. P. (1950). Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena. Biometrika, 37(1/2), 17–23.	Moran, P. A. P. (1950). Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena. Biometrika, 37(1/2), 17–23.
別名	Moran's I, global spatial autocorrelation index, Moran index, GMI	spatial dependence, geographic autocorrelation, spatial clustering measure, SA
関連	6	5
概要	Global Moran's I is the most widely used single-number summary of spatial autocorrelation across an entire study area. It compares the attribute value at each location with values at neighbouring locations using a spatial weights matrix, and returns a statistic ranging from −1 (perfect dispersion) through 0 (spatial randomness) to +1 (perfect clustering). A significance test determines whether the observed pattern is stronger than random chance.	Spatial autocorrelation quantifies the degree to which a variable's values at nearby locations resemble each other more (positive autocorrelation) or less (negative autocorrelation) than expected by chance. Global indices such as Moran's I summarise the pattern across the entire study area, while local variants reveal clusters and outliers at the level of individual observations.