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	Global Moran's I	局所的モラン指数 (LISA)
分野	空間分析	空間分析
系統	Regression model	Regression model
提唱年	1950	1995
提唱者	Patrick Alfred Pierce Moran	Luc Anselin
種類	Global spatial autocorrelation test / index	Local spatial autocorrelation statistic
原典	Moran, P. A. P. (1950). Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena. Biometrika, 37(1/2), 17–23.	Anselin, L. (1995). Local indicators of spatial association—LISA. Geographical Analysis, 27(2), 93–115.
別名	Moran's I, global spatial autocorrelation index, Moran index, GMI	Local Indicator of Spatial Association, LISA statistic, Anselin Local Moran, local spatial autocorrelation index
関連	6	6
概要	Global Moran's I is the most widely used single-number summary of spatial autocorrelation across an entire study area. It compares the attribute value at each location with values at neighbouring locations using a spatial weights matrix, and returns a statistic ranging from −1 (perfect dispersion) through 0 (spatial randomness) to +1 (perfect clustering). A significance test determines whether the observed pattern is stronger than random chance.	Local Moran's I, introduced by Luc Anselin in 1995, is a Local Indicator of Spatial Association (LISA) that decomposes global spatial autocorrelation into location-specific contributions. For every observation it produces a signed statistic and a significance value, enabling researchers to identify spatial clusters (high-high, low-low) and spatial outliers (high-low, low-high) on a map.